Responses of Animals to the External Environment
Through close observation of our species, students explore intraspecific behaviours and interspecific interactions. Learners examine the selective advantages of these behaviours, building a clear understanding of ecological niches, mating systems, and reproductive strategies. This field based experience provides rich, authentic examples that strengthen students’ grasp of complex ecological and behavioural responses.

- Years:
- 13
- Curriculum Links:
- BIO 3.3 (AS 91606): Demonstrate understanding of the responses of plants and animals to their external environment. 5 credits, External





